真心靠谱 Ubuntu18.04 换源国内阿里云私服

闭关苦炼内功

1129人浏览 · 2023-06-26 19:02:36

闭关苦炼内功 · 2023-06-26 19:02:36 发布

本篇 blog 真心靠谱

1、备份原来的默认源

cp /etc/apt/sources.list{,.bak}

2、换阿里云的源（需要稍作修改）

直接使用阿里云的会报错

https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu

以上报错：是https证书问题，网上有人说安装证书，尝试不得行

apt-get install ca-certificate

很郁闷，转念想到，其实 so easy

于是修改 https 为 http

因为当前用不了vim/vi编辑器，所以使用cat写入文件

cat <<EOF> /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
EOF

3、更新源

成功

apt-get update

啊就这，其实真的 so easy

4、安装测试

安装vim编辑器

apt install vim -y

安装vim编辑器，成功

安装 openssh-server

apt install openssh-server -y

最后，贴一下关键操作记录

[root@docker bin]# cat 01_run-u1804.sh 
#!/bin/bash

docker run -dit \
           --name u1804-d1 \
           --privileged \
           -p 10022:22 \
           -h u1804-docker-1 \
           ubuntu:18.04 \
           /bin/bash

[root@docker bin]# 
[root@docker bin]# sh 01_run-u1804.sh 
ab45f34db2e23d126a9e294aedb2f878bea4a016e483cb4c61f26173f6dc9817
[root@docker bin]# 
[root@docker bin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                   NAMES
ab45f34db2e2        ubuntu:18.04        "/bin/bash"         4 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds        0.0.0.0:10022->22/tcp   u1804-d1
[root@docker bin]# 
[root@docker bin]# docker exec -it ab4 bash
root@u1804-docker-1:/# 
root@u1804-docker-1:/# cp /etc/apt/sources.list{,.bak}
root@u1804-docker-1:/# 
root@u1804-docker-1:/# cat <<EOF> /etc/apt/sources.list
> deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
> deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
> deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
> deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
> EOF
root@u1804-docker-1:/# 
root@u1804-docker-1:/# cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
root@u1804-docker-1:/# 
root@u1804-docker-1:/# apt-get update
Get:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease [242 kB]
Get:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease [242 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [83.3 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse amd64 Packages [186 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic/restricted amd64 Packages [13.5 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages [11.3 MB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages [1344 kB]        
Get:9 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages [1635 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted amd64 Packages [1668 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages [3358 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [23.8 kB]
Get:13 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [1709 kB]
Get:14 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages [3771 kB]
Get:15 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages [2407 kB]                                                                                                                          
Get:16 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [30.8 kB]                                                                                                                        
Get:17 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/universe amd64 Packages [20.6 kB]                                                                                                                        
Get:18 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main amd64 Packages [64.0 kB]                                                                                                                            
Fetched 28.0 MB in 8s (3574 kB/s)                                                                                                                                                                                 
Reading package lists... Done
root@u1804-docker-1:/# 


root@u1804-docker-1:/# apt install vim -y


root@u1804-docker-1:/# apt install openssh-server -y  

配置ssh

root@u1804-docker-1:/# service ssh status    
 * sshd is not running
root@u1804-docker-1:/# service ssh start 
 * Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server sshd        [ OK ] 
root@u1804-docker-1:/# 
root@u1804-docker-1:/# service ssh status
 * sshd is running
root@u1804-docker-1:/# 

设置密码123456

root@u1804-docker-1:/# passwd 
Enter new UNIX password: 
Retype new UNIX password: 
passwd: password updated successfully
root@u1804-docker-1:/# 

查看IP

root@u1804-docker-1:/# hostname -I
172.17.0.2 
root@u1804-docker-1:/# 

修改 ssh 配置
参考 https://blog.csdn.net/frdevolcqzyxynjds/article/details/105282343

允许 root 用户远程（默认禁用root远程）
root@u1804-docker-1:/# echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config 

重启 ssh 服务

root@u1804-docker-1:/# service ssh restart
 * Restarting OpenBSD Secure Shell server sshd               [ OK ] 
root@u1804-docker-1:/# 
root@u1804-docker-1:/# 

Ctrl - D退出容器


ssh远程连接测试

[root@docker bin]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                   NAMES
ab45f34db2e2        ubuntu:18.04        "/bin/bash"         11 minutes ago      Up 11 minutes       0.0.0.0:10022->22/tcp   u1804-d1
[root@docker bin]# 


[root@docker bin]# ssh root@172.17.0.2
The authenticity of host '172.17.0.2 (172.17.0.2)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:ZOgsnVUOvON+wr4yaNKLu/EVHGA7a29hyr7eQvBbeE4.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:8a:ad:7e:4e:4a:13:05:f3:22:cb:fd:5d:fc:40:c8:19.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '172.17.0.2' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@172.17.0.2's password: 
Welcome to Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (GNU/Linux 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com
 * Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com
 * Support:        https://ubuntu.com/advantage
This system has been minimized by removing packages and content that are
not required on a system that users do not log into.

To restore this content, you can run the 'unminimize' command.

The programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by
applicable law.

root@u1804-docker-1:~#

我们下期见，拜拜！