【嵌入式系统基础实验二】-----温湿度采集OLED显示
【嵌入式系统基础实验二】-----温湿度采集OLED显示
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文章目录
1.SPI（串行外设接口）
SPI定义：
SPI(Serial Peripheral Interface)[串行外围接口]是一种接口总线，通常用于与闪存、传感器、实时时钟(RTCs)、模数转换器等进行通信。串行外围接口(SPI)总线是由摩托罗拉公司开发的，用于在主设备和从设备之间提供全双工同步串行通信。
SPI接口：
一个标准的SPI连接涉及到一个主机master使用串行时钟(SCK)、主输出从输入(MOSI)、主输出从输出(MISO)和从选择(SS)线连接到一个或几个从机slave。SCK、MOSI和MISO信号可以由从机slave共享，而每个从机slave都有一条唯一的SS线。
SPI模式：极性和时钟相位
SPI接口没有定义数据交换协议，限制了开销并允许高速数据流。时钟极性(CPOL)和时钟相位(CPHA)可以指定为“0”或“1”，形成四种独特的模式，以提供主从通信的灵活性
如果CPOL和CPHA都为’ 0 ‘(定义为模式0)，则在时钟的前上升沿采样数据。目前,模式0是SPI总线通信最常见的模式。如果CPOL为’ 1 ‘，CPHA为’ 0 '(模式2)，则在时钟的前降边缘采样数据。同样，CPOL = ’ 0 '和CPHA = ’ 1 ’ (Mode 1)在尾降边缘采样，CPOL = ’ 1 '和CPHA = ’ 1 ’ (Mode 3)在尾升边缘采样。
CPOL：时钟极性，表示时钟线空闲时是高电平1还是低电平0。
CPHA：时钟相位，表示是在时钟的前沿0还是尾沿1采样数据。
SPI总线事务：
SPI协议没有定义数据流的结构; 数据的组成完全取决于组件设计者。但是，许多设备遵循相同的基本格式来发送和接收数据，从而允许来自不同供应商的部件之间的互操作性。
2.OLED显示数据
2.1OLED相关资料
链接：http://www.lcdwiki.com/zh/0.96inch_SPI_OLED_Module
2.2运行厂家Demo程序
①下载程序
程序下载链接：
0.96寸SPI_OLED模块配套资料包
②打开资料包，选择与自己平台相同的实例，打开Demo的工程，使用keil编译
③将程序烧录到开发板
④连接显示屏和开发板
⑤运行成功后，修改代码显示姓名学号
2.3修改程序显示学号姓名
main函数
int main(void)
{
delay_init(); //延时函数初始化
OLED_Init(); //初始化OLED
OLED_Clear(0); //清屏（全黑）
while(1)
{
TEST_MainPage(); //界面显示
}
}
提取字模
下载软件链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1zuj1ZmISxN3WGrZzV6CMaQ
提取码：vdls
生成的代码加以处理：
"杨",0x10,0x00,0x11,0xF8,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x20,0xFC,0x40,0x10,0x80,0x31,0xFE,0x38,0x92,
0x54,0x92,0x54,0x92,0x91,0x12,0x11,0x22,0x12,0x22,0x14,0x42,0x10,0x94,0x11,0x08,/*"杨",0*/
"序",0x01,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x3F,0xFE,0x20,0x00,0x23,0xF8,0x20,0x10,0x20,0xA0,0x20,0x40,
0x2F,0xFE,0x20,0x42,0x20,0x44,0x20,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x81,0x40,0x00,0x80,/*"序",1*/
放到文件夹USER的gui.c–>oledfont.h->const typFNT_GB16 cfont16[]函数里
修改显示代码：
void TEST_MainPage(void)
{
GUI_ShowCHinese(28,20,16,"杨序",1);
GUI_ShowString(4,48,"632007060529",16,1);
delay_ms(1500);
delay_ms(1500);
}
2.4烧录测试
测试结果:
3.OLED滑动显示数据
①添加滑动命令（水平向左向右滑动）
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2E,OLED_CMD); //关闭滚动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x26,OLED_CMD); //水平向左或者右滚动 26/27
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //起始页 0
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //滚动时间间隔
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //终止页 7
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD); //开启滚动
②一样提取字模，修改代码，然后导入函数里
"时",0x00,0x08,0x00,0x08,0x7C,0x08,0x44,0x08,0x45,0xFE,0x44,0x08,0x44,0x08,0x7C,0x08,
0x44,0x88,0x44,0x48,0x44,0x48,0x44,0x08,0x7C,0x08,0x44,0x08,0x00,0x28,0x00,0x10,/*"时",0*/
"空",0x02,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x40,0x02,0x88,0x24,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x08,0x00,0x00,
0x1F,0xF0,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x00,0x00,/*"空",1*/
"是",0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x00,0x00,
0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x11,0xF8,0x11,0x00,0x29,0x00,0x45,0x00,0x83,0xFE,/*"是",2*/
"个",0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x02,0x80,0x04,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x10,0x10,0x21,0x08,0xC1,0x06,
0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,/*"个",3*/
"圆",0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x40,0x04,0x4F,0xE4,0x48,0x24,0x4F,0xE4,0x40,0x04,0x5F,0xF4,
0x50,0x14,0x51,0x14,0x51,0x14,0x52,0x94,0x44,0x44,0x48,0x24,0x7F,0xFC,0x40,0x04,/*"圆",4*/
"圈",0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x49,0x24,0x45,0x44,0x5F,0xF4,0x42,0x04,0x7F,0xFC,0x48,0x24,
0x57,0xD4,0x64,0x4C,0x44,0xC4,0x44,0x24,0x43,0xE4,0x40,0x04,0x7F,0xFC,0x40,0x04,/*"圈",5*/
"，",0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*"，",13*/
0x04,0x40,0x0E,0x50,0x78,0x48,0x08,0x48,0x08,0x40,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x40,0x08,0x44,
"直",0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x01,0x00,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,
0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"直",8*/
"行",0x08,0x00,0x09,0xFC,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x48,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x13,0xFE,0x30,0x20,
0x50,0x20,0x90,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0xA0,0x10,0x40,/*"行",9*/
"或",0x00,0x48,0x00,0x44,0x00,0x40,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x3E,0x44,0x22,0x44,
0x22,0x44,0x22,0x28,0x3E,0x28,0x00,0x12,0x07,0x32,0x78,0x4A,0x20,0x86,0x03,0x02,/*"或",10*/
"是",0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x00,0x00,
0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x11,0xF8,0x11,0x00,0x29,0x00,0x45,0x00,0x83,0xFE,/*"是",11*/
"转",0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xFD,0xFC,0x40,0x20,0x50,0x40,0x93,0xFE,0xFC,0x40,
0x10,0x80,0x11,0xFC,0x1C,0x04,0xF0,0x88,0x50,0x50,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,/*"转",12*/
"弯",0x02,0x00,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x04,0x40,0x14,0x50,0x24,0x48,0x44,0x44,0x00,0x00,
0x3F,0xF0,0x00,0x10,0x3F,0xF0,0x20,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x50,0x00,0x20,/*"弯",13*/
"，",0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*"，",13*/
0x04,0x40,0x0E,0x50,0x78,0x48,0x08,0x48,0x08,0x40,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x40,0x08,0x44,
"我",0x04,0x40,0x0E,0x50,0x78,0x48,0x08,0x48,0x08,0x40,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x40,0x08,0x44,
0x0A,0x44,0x0C,0x48,0x18,0x30,0x68,0x22,0x08,0x52,0x08,0x8A,0x2B,0x06,0x10,0x02,/*"我",16*/
"们",0x09,0x00,0x08,0x80,0x08,0xBC,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x32,0x04,0x32,0x04,0x52,0x04,
0x92,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x14,0x12,0x08,/*"们",17*/
"最",0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x22,0x00,
0x3E,0xF8,0x22,0x88,0x3E,0x90,0x22,0x50,0x2F,0x20,0xF2,0x50,0x42,0x88,0x03,0x06,/*"最",18*/
"终",0x10,0x80,0x10,0x80,0x20,0xF8,0x21,0x08,0x4B,0x10,0xFC,0xA0,0x10,0x40,0x20,0xA0,
0x43,0x18,0xFC,0x06,0x40,0xC0,0x00,0x20,0x18,0x10,0xE1,0x80,0x40,0x60,0x00,0x10,/*"终",19*/
"都",0x08,0x00,0x08,0xBE,0x7E,0xA2,0x09,0x24,0x0A,0x24,0xFF,0xE8,0x08,0x24,0x10,0x24,
0x3F,0x22,0x61,0x22,0xA1,0x22,0x3F,0x34,0x21,0x28,0x21,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x21,0x20,/*"都",20*/
"会",0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x02,0x80,0x04,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x30,0x18,0xCF,0xE6,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x02,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x08,0x20,0x10,0x10,0x3F,0xF8,0x10,0x08,/*"会",21*/
"相",0x08,0x00,0x08,0xFC,0x08,0x84,0x08,0x84,0xFE,0x84,0x08,0xFC,0x18,0x84,0x1C,0x84,
0x2A,0x84,0x2A,0xFC,0x48,0x84,0x88,0x84,0x08,0x84,0x08,0x84,0x08,0xFC,0x08,0x84,/*"相",22*/
"见",0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x10,
0x11,0x10,0x12,0x90,0x12,0x90,0x04,0x80,0x04,0x80,0x08,0x82,0x30,0x82,0xC0,0x7E,/*"见",23*/
③main.c代码在上面改动
#include "delay.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "gui.h"
#include "test.h"
int main(void)
{
delay_init(); //延时函数初始化
NVIC_Configuration(); //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级
OLED_Init(); //初始化OLED
OLED_Clear(0); //清屏（全黑）
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2E,OLED_CMD); //关闭滚动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x27,OLED_CMD); //水平向左或者右滚动 26/27
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //起始页 0
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //滚动时间间隔
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //终止页 7
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
TEST_MainPage();
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD); //开启滚动
}
④修改显示函数TEST_MainPage
void TEST_MainPage(void)
{
GUI_ShowCHinese(28,20,16,"时空是个圆圈，直行或是转弯，我们最终都会相见",1);
delay_ms(1500);
delay_ms(1500);
}
⑤烧录测试
测试结果（gif）:
4.OLED显示温湿度
①已经实现的温湿度的采集
链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_52166467/article/details/128003566?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502
②实现将温湿度采集数据显示到OLED
基于上面实现串口显示的工程上，进行添加相关OLED的代码
③添加字模
"温",0x00,0x00,0x23,0xF8,0x12,0x08,0x12,0x08,0x83,0xF8,0x42,0x08,0x42,0x08,0x13,0xF8,
0x10,0x00,0x27,0xFC,0xE4,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x2F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"温",0*/
"度",0x01,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x3F,0xFE,0x22,0x20,0x22,0x20,0x3F,0xFC,0x22,0x20,0x22,0x20,
0x23,0xE0,0x20,0x00,0x2F,0xF0,0x24,0x10,0x42,0x20,0x41,0xC0,0x86,0x30,0x38,0x0E,/*"度",0*/
"湿",0x00,0x00,0x27,0xF8,0x14,0x08,0x14,0x08,0x87,0xF8,0x44,0x08,0x44,0x08,0x17,0xF8,
0x11,0x20,0x21,0x20,0xE9,0x24,0x25,0x28,0x23,0x30,0x21,0x20,0x2F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"湿",0*/
"显",0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,
0x04,0x40,0x44,0x44,0x24,0x44,0x14,0x48,0x14,0x50,0x04,0x40,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"显",0*/
"示",0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,
0x01,0x00,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x08,0x21,0x04,0x41,0x02,0x81,0x02,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,/*"示",0*/
④main函数
#include "delay.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "bsp_i2c.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "gui.h"
#include "test.h"
int main(void)
{
delay_init(); //延时函数初始化
uart_init(115200);
IIC_Init();
NVIC_Configuration(); //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级
OLED_Init(); //初始化OLED
OLED_Clear(0);
while(1)
{
//printf("温度湿度显示");
read_AHT20_once();
OLED_Clear(0);
delay_ms(1500);
}
}
⑤显示温湿度代码
void read_AHT20(void)
{
uint8_t i;
for(i=0; i<6; i++)
{
readByte[i]=0;
}
//-------------
I2C_Start();
I2C_WriteByte(0x71);
ack_status = Receive_ACK();
readByte[0]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[1]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[2]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[3]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[4]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[5]= I2C_ReadByte();
SendNot_Ack();
//Send_ACK();
I2C_Stop();
//--------------
if( (readByte[0] & 0x68) == 0x08 )
{
H1 = readByte[1];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[2];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[3];
H1 = H1>>4;
H1 = (H1*1000)/1024/1024;
T1 = readByte[3];
T1 = T1 & 0x0000000F;
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[4];
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[5];
T1 = (T1*2000)/1024/1024 - 500;
AHT20_OutData[0] = (H1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = H1 & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[2] = (T1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = T1 & 0x000000FF;
}
else
{
AHT20_OutData[0] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[2] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = 0xFF;
printf("lyy");
}
/*通过串口显示采集得到的温湿度
printf("\r\n");
printf("温度:%d%d.%d",T1/100,(T1/10)%10,T1%10);
printf("湿度:%d%d.%d",H1/100,(H1/10)%10,H1%10);
printf("\r\n");*/
t=T1/10;
t1=T1%10;
a=(float)(t+t1*0.1);
h=H1/10;
h1=H1%10;
b=(float)(h+h1*0.1);
sprintf(strTemp,"%.1f",a); //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的温度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strTemp中
sprintf(strHumi,"%.1f",b); //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的湿度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strHumi中
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,00,16,"温湿度显示",1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,20,16,"温度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,20,strTemp,16,1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,38,16,"湿度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,38,strHumi,16,1);
delay_ms(1500);
delay_ms(1500);
}
⑥烧录测试
测试结果（gif）:
5.总结
最基础的OLED显示，就是利用厂家Demo程序，添加中文的相关点阵，调用相关函数。至于OLED屏滚动显示文字，就是在直接显示文字的基础上，只需添加滚动命令，只有在汉字取模写点阵时麻烦一点。最后在温湿度能够成功采集的基础上，进行类似的处理即可实现最终目的，温湿度的OLED显示。
6.参考
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43279579/article/details/111414037
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43279579/article/details/111678857
https://blog.csdn.net/m0_49297422/article/details/121570274?spm=1001.2014.3001.5506
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